Benin

Aevamo’s reading

Décret 2026-049 of 4 March 2026, taken in Council of Ministers under Loi 2025-15, is the instrument that imposes the obligation: it fixes the conditions and modalities of issue of entry visas, requires every foreigner to hold one unless dispensed, and defines the two routes out of it — an accord with Benin, or a special exemption by decree. Everything else held here operates under it: the ministry's database enumerates the accords of its first route, Décret 2023-489 is an exercise of its second, and the e-visa platform is the online channel its article 7 requires. Its stored copy is an image scan with no text layer, so no row quotes it and no figure is taken from it; each field is instead sourced to a document that can be quoted, and that substitution is stated on every row it affects.

The ministry's database records no visa validity for these states at all: in place of a duration each entry reads 'Pays membre de la CEDEAO' or 'Pays membre de l'UEMOA', and the observation names the ECOWAS Protocol on free movement of persons, the right of residence and establishment, and Article 91 of the UEMOA Treaty. They are outside the visa regime rather than exempted within it, so no cap is imposed on them by this instrument.